The oral form, acetazolamide, is a mild or weak diuretic which may be used to treat glaucoma.


MOA

The mechanism of action of acetazolamide in the management of glaucoma involves the inhibition of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the production of aqueous humor, a fluid that is produced in the anterior chamber of the eye. The aqueous humor is responsible for maintaining the intraocular pressure.

By inhibiting carbonic anhydrase, acetazolamide reduces the production of aqueous humor. This leads to a decrease in the volume of fluid in the anterior chamber of the eye, thereby reducing the intraocular pressure.

Mannitol is used in the treatment of glaucoma to reduce swelling and pressure inside the eye

MOA

Mannitol works by creating an osmotic gradient that draws water out of the eye, thereby reducing intraocular pressure. It has been used in many ophthalmic conditions, such as acute angle-closure glaucoma, chronic open-angle glaucoma. 

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