E.g., Thiocyanate, Nitrates MOA: These drugs have structural similarities with the iodide ion, so they compete with iodide for being transported by the sodium/iodide symporter, a protein that co-transports Na + and I − ions across the cell membrane. By reducing the availability of iodide, these drugs inhibit the key step in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones.
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The most common treatment for hypothyroidism is taking synthetic thyroid hormones, such as levothyroxine (Levo-T, Synthroid, and others), every day. This medication restores the normal levels of thyroid hormones in the body and eliminates the symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, constipation, dry skin, and hair loss.
Hormone Secretory Gland Released Hormones Stimulated By Somatotrophs GH GHRH (Growth hormone Releasing hormone) Lactotrophs Prolactin GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone) Gonadotrophs LH, FSH GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone) Corticotrophs ACTH CRH (Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone) Thyrotrophs TSH TRH (Thyrotropin releasing Hormone)
Various Therapeutic Uses of Somatostatin Analogues Somatostatin is a hormone produced by several tissues in the body, but it is mainly found in the nervous and digestive systems . It inhibits the secretion of several other hormones in the body and also acts as a neurotransmitter. Somatostatin analogs are a synthetic form of somatostatin hormone and are used to reduce the production of various hormones in the body, particularly hormones produced by tumors. Examples of Somatostatin Analogous: Mode of Action Therapeutic Uses Oct reotide Binds to Somatostatin Receptor (SSTR)s [Subtypes – 2,3,5] - ¯ Pancreatic Secretion - ¯ Gastric Acid Secretion - ¯ Intestinal Motility - Vasoconstriction à ¯ Blood Flow - ¯ GnRH, GH, LH Acromegaly Diarrhoea GEP neuroendocrine Tumors. Lan reotide SSTR – 2, SSTR – 5 (Less Affinity
Calcium (Ca2+) is an essential mineral that plays a critical role in numerous physiological processes throughout the body. While it is most widely associated with bone health, calcium also has far-reaching effects on muscle function, nerve signaling, cellular communication, and hormone regulation. Building and Maintaining Strong Bones and Teeth: Calcium is the primary structural component of bones and teeth, providing them with their characteristic strength and rigidity. Muscle Contraction and Relaxation: Calcium ions are essential for muscle contraction and relaxation. In skeletal muscles, the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum triggers the interaction of actin and myosin filaments, leading to muscle fiber shortening and contraction. In smooth muscles, calcium ions regulate the contraction and relaxation of muscles in the blood vessels, airways, and digestive tract. Nerve Impulse Transmission: Calcium ions are crucial for nerve impulse transmission. The influx of ca